Dart Basic syntax

While Dart shares some syntactic similarities with C++, it's important to understand that they are distinct languages with different design philosophies. Here's a breakdown:

Similarities:

• C-style syntax:
  • Both languages use curly braces {} to define code blocks.
  • Control flow statements like if, for, while, and switch have similar structures.
  • Operators like +, -, *, /, ==, and != are largely the same.
• Object-oriented programming:
  • Both languages support classes, objects, and inheritance.
  • They share concepts like methods and properties.
• Static typing:
  • Both Dart and C++ are statically typed, meaning that variable types are checked at compile time. 
    

Differences:

• Memory management:
  • C++ requires manual memory management, including allocating and deallocating memory using new and delete.
  • Dart uses automatic garbage collection, which simplifies memory management and reduces the risk of memory leaks.
• Pointers:
  • C++ uses pointers, which allow direct manipulation of memory addresses.
  • Dart does not have pointers. This makes Dart safer but less suitable for low-level system programming.
• Asynchronous programming:
  • Dart has strong built-in support for asynchronous programming using async and await, making it well-suited for building responsive user interfaces.
  • While C++ has asynchronous capabilities, Dart's implementation is often considered more streamlined.
• Language purpose:
  • C++ is a general-purpose language used for a wide range of applications, including system programming, game development, and high-performance computing.
  • Dart is primarily designed for building user interfaces, particularly with the Flutter framework.

 

Example code

Simple Function

void greet(String name) {

  print("hello world $name");

}

void main() {

  var name = "hafiz musa";

  int number =-10;

  

  greet(name);

  

  if (number >0){

    print("more than 0");

  }else{

    print("less than 10");

  }

  

  for (int i=0;i<10;i++){

    print(i);

  }

}

OOP/Class:

class Person{

  String name;

  int age;

  

  Person (this.name,this.age);

  

  void sayHello(){

    print ("hello $name and your age is $age");

  }

  

  

  

}

void main() {

  

  Person person1 = Person("hafiz",23);

  person1.sayHello();

}